Today we celebrate Cinco de Mayo, which translates to English as the fifth of May. This holiday is one that is significant to Mexican culture, marking a history day in the Franco-Mexican War. Many often believe Cinco de Mayo celebrates Mexican Independence Day; however, that is not the case. Instead, Cinco de Mayo marks the day in which Mexico’s army defeated France at the Battle of Puebla. That happened all the way back on May 5, 1862. Surprisingly, the holiday of Cinco de Mayo is quite small in Mexico. However, in the United States, the holiday has turned into a large one, used to celebrate Mexican culture for the vast Mexican American community.
What is the history behind Cinco de Mayo?
The story behind Cinco de Mayo begins in 1861. Benito Juárez was elected president of Mexico. Early on in his presidency, he was forced to default on debts owed to a few European governments due to the financial problems Mexico was dealing with at the time. In response to this, three European leaders sent troops to Mexico. These three were France, Britian, and Spain. Britian and Spain negotiated and came to an agreement with Mexico, withdrawing their troops. However, France did not. Instead, the French leader, Napoleon III decided to make an attempt to form an empire over Mexican territory. This began the Franco-Mexican War.
The historic Battle of Puebla lasted nearly the full day of May 5.
This battle was expected to be a sure win for France, but Mexican troops were led by General Ignacio Zaragoza here. They were severely outnumbered and lacked proper war supplies but nonetheless pushed through and ultimately defeated the French in the bloody battle. This battle did not end the war, but it did mark a shift in Mexico’s government and culture.
The state of Puebla has many festivities to celebrate Cinco de Mayo.
Other celebrations are held throughout the country, but none as large as in Puebla. In many cases, Cinco de Mayo is a day like any other in Mexico. However, in the United States, festivities are held around the country to celebrate the day, especially in areas with a large Mexican community. The largest festivals are held in Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston.
To some, the holiday is an excuse to drink tequila, but to many others, the holiday is a day to celebrate Mexican culture. There are parades and parties held with mariachi music and Mexican folk dancing.
Why do people think Cinco de Mayo is Mexican Independence Day?
People likely assume it is Mexico’s Independence Day purely because they do not know better. However, Mexico’s Independence Day is not until September 16. Furthermore, the country did not even declare independence until over 50 years after the Battle of Puebla.
